Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease (NDD) that is characterized by the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons and progressive motor impairment. Recent studies suggest that PD may originate in the gut, highlighting the gut-brain axis (GBA) as a critical area for research. This study investigated the neuroprotective potential of Trachyspermum ammi (T. ammi) oil on PD-associated symptoms using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as a model organism. This study will assess various PD symptoms, including impaired locomotion, dopaminergic neuron degeneration, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and gut permeability. The researcher procured C. elegans genetically modified to develop Parkinson’s disease and exposed them to varying concentrations of T. ammi oil by incorporating it into the worms’ food. PD was ultimately induced in C. elegans genetic models by introducing varying concentrations of T. ammi oil through the worm’s food. Behavioral assays (locomotion, thrashing) as well as physiological assays (oxidative stress, alpha-synuclein levels and gut permeability), were conducted to assess the impact of T. ammi oil on these parameters. Results from these assays suggested a positive effect of T. ammi on Parkinson’s, with the Ajwain-treated groups showing improved locomotion, thrashing, improved survival under oxidative stress and even lowered alpha-synuclein levels. The findings support the hypothesis that T. ammi oil mitigates PD-like symptoms in C. elegans. The results could be further applied to develop an efficient, cost-effective and widely available treatment for mitigating PD symptoms in humans.

Cubic equations are foundational in engineering and science, yet conventional solution methods—such as Cardano’s formula and Lagrange’s resolvent—are often computationally complex, numerically unstable or difficult to generalize. To address these limitations, this article introduced a novel Derivative Method (D-Method) for solving cubic equations by systematically reducing them to quadratic forms via derivative-based substitutions. The D-Method provided a closed-form solution for deriving at least one real root of any cubic equation, combining simplicity, accuracy and broad applicability to equations with real or complex coefficients. Unlike classical approaches, the method avoided intricate algebraic manipulations and memorization of cumbersome formulas, streamlining both manual and computational solving. Comparative analysis demonstrated that the D-Method outperformed traditional techniques in efficiency and accessibility. The solution’s validity was rigorously proved mathematically and illustrated through numerical examples. Furthermore, the method’s underlying framework suggested potential extensions to higher-degree polynomial equations, offering a pathway for future research.